Oilfield Equipment – Oil Pump Jacks
An Oilfield Equipment well is created with a drill bit which is attached to a drill string and rotates into the earth from a drilling rig. After the hole is drilled, sections of steel tubing known as casing is slightly smaller than the borehole to provide an annular for cementing is placed in the hole. The newly drilled well is given structural integrity by the use of casing and tubing.
With the integrity of the hole protected by the casing and the pressure zones safely isolated, the well can be drilled deeper using a smaller bit and the hole can be cased with smaller sized casing.
Drilling the well requires:
The sheer weight of the drill string and collars break up the earth as the drill bit digs down. The drill bit is lubricated and kept cool by having drilling fluid pumped down the drill pipe. The rock cuttings generated by the drill bit are carried back up to the surface by the drilling fluid. The drilling fluid is reused after the rock fragments have been filtered out. Watching for abnormalities in the returning cuttings and volume of returning fluid are imperative to catch “kicks” (when the pressure below the bit is more than that above, causing gas and mud to come up uncontrollably) early.
Drilling rigs can be huge or small and portable pieces of oilfield equipment for the use of mineral exploration drilling, water wells and environmental investigations.